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trial of jesus

Trial of Jesus

Trial of Jesus

trial of jesus

NOT Believable ...

JOHN SAYS NO TRIAL

According to John there was no trial of Jesus.  One man “advised” the Jewish leaders to kill him.

and brought him first to Annas, who was the father-in-law of Caiaphas, the high priest that year.

Caiaphas was the one who had advised the Jewish leaders that it would be good if one man died for the people.       John 18:13- 14

MARK AND MATTHEW DESCRIBE A TRIAL.

64 But Jesus remained silent and gave no answer. Again the high priest asked him, “Are you the Messiah, the Son of the Blessed One?”

62   “I am,” said Jesus. “And you will see the Son of Man sitting at the right hand of the Mighty One and coming on the clouds of heaven.”

63  The high priest tore his clothes. “Why do we need any more witnesses?” he asked.

64  “You have heard the blasphemy. What do you think?” They all condemned him as worthy of death.      Matthew 26:63-66

63 But Jesus remained silent. The high priest said to him, “I charge you under oath by the living God: Tell us if you are the Messiah, the Son of God.”

64 “You have said so,” Jesus replied. “But I say to all of you: From now on you will see the Son of Man sitting at the right hand of the Mighty One and coming on the clouds of heaven.”

65 Then the high priest tore his clothes and said, “He has spoken blasphemy! Why do we need any more witnesses? Look, now you have heard the blasphemy.

66 What do you think?” “He is worthy of death,” they answered.      Mark 14:61-64

Jesus claiming to be Christ, or the anointed one, or the Messiah is NOT, NOT Blasphemy under Jewish law.  Jesus said several times that he was the “son of man.”  Even if he said he was the son of God, isn’t every male on the planet the son of God?   But more to the point, every anointed King of Israel was bestowed the honorary title of “The son of God.”  Psalm 2:7.  This title is NOT a claim of deity.

This alleged crime of blasphemy was no real crime (deserving the death penalty?).  The eastern provinces swarmed with self proclaiming Christs (anointed ones) and claimed Messiahs.  They would call themselves son of God and would announce the end of the world has come and was imminent.  Not one person was ever executed for blasphemy.

Trial against Jewish Law

The two “Christian” gospels of Jesus having the described trial would be blatantly against Jewish law.  It is stated that the trial occurred in a private residence.  The Sanhedrin was prohibited from trying a criminal case outside the Temple grounds.  The Sanhedrin conducted trials in the Hall of Hewn Stones in the Temple.  The trials had to commence and finish during the day time (No night trials as alleged with Jesus).  Jewish law prohibits capital convictions on self-incriminating statements.  The Jewish law requires two fully qualified witnesses.  No exceptions.  The Gospels claim Jesus was convicted solely on his testimony alone which clearly violates Jewish law.  The creative forgers of the Gospels were not familiar with Sanhedrin law.

Romans Crucified Jesus but Jews were Responsible???

Notice how the Constantine New Testament made sure to blame the Jews for the death of “the Savior of mankind”, instead of the real crucifier in the story – the Romans.  Just another Christian contradiction.

pilot<strong>Pontius Pilate</strong>

Pontius Pilate, a Roman judge, heard the accusations and said he finds no fault deserving the death penalty.  But then the New Testament wants people to believe that this Roman judge was so intimidated by this mob that he went against his judgement and handed over this “Roman judge deemed innocent man” to an angry mob so they can kill him.  But then the Romans decided to kill him.  This is not even good fiction.

To make as real the trial the Christian forgers produced a book “The Acts of Pilate” (AKA  the Gospel of Nicodemus) This detailed out the trial and what was said.  At first it was deemed canonical, but after it was realized that the story was based from dramatic passages and scenes from the 24 book of Iliad, it was then deemed “spurious” (opinion rather than inspired by God). The fictitious nature of the writing is obvious.

 NEW TESTAMENT SAYS JEWS WERE NOT PERMITTED TO EXECUTE A PERSON?

Not so New Testament writers.  The Jews did not have to turn over a person to the Romans to be executed as stated in  Mark 14:64, 15:1, 11-13; Matthew 27:1, 2, 20 .

The New Testament writers themselves later cite executions by Jews during that period as permissible.

1  The high priest tried, convicted, and executed Stephen.  Acts 6:12 15, 7:59.

2  A woman about to be executed in the Temple, John 8:2-11.

3  Paul didn’t want a Jewish trial so he insisted on a Roman trial.  Acts 25:11,15

4  Paul stated that the High Priest gave him authority to put to death the saints by “I cast my vote against them.  Acts 26:10

5  King Herod, a King of the Jews, executed John the Baptist.  Mark 6:27

6  King Herod executed James, the son of Zebedee.  Acts 12:2

7  Historian Josephus reported Jews condemned to death by the Sanhedrin during the Roman occupation.

8  Josephus also revealed that the Sanhedrin could actually execute Roman citizens for entering the sanctuary of the Temple.    Antiquites of the Jews, 14:9:3;    and Wars of the Jews, 6:2:4, both by Josephus.

Was It Lawful for the Jews to put to Death Jesus?

Yes.

The Jews answered him, We have a law, and by our law he ought to die. (John 19:7.)

No.

The Jews therefore said unto him, It is not lawful for us to put any man to death. (John 18:31.)

Age of Jesus when He Died

There was bitter debates by the church fathers as to the age of Jesus when he died.  Irenaeus, who was highly educated and established much church doctrine (helped canonize the gospels), insisted that Jesus was at least 50 years of age when he was crucified.  His peers position was that Jesus was 30 to 33 years of age at his death.  Irenaeus flatly denied this position and labeled it heresy to say the age of Jesus’s death was around 30 years of age.

By the third century there were at least 25 writings circulating that had many different accounts of the death of Jesus.  Some had Jesus not put to death at all, some had him revived back to life, and some had him living to an old age and dying in Egypt.

Blood Cleansing

The New Testament —

In fact, the law requires that nearly everything be cleansed with blood, and without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness.   Hebrews 9:22

Totally false.  The only law I can think of is Leviticus 17:11 which deals with the prohibition of the consumption of blood.

There are many examples in the Old Testament where sins were forgiven without any “shedding of blood”; the story of Jonah, the story of the golden calf, the story of David and Bathsheba.  Aaron used incense to atone for sin and a plague.  The poor could bring fine flour to atone for sin.  But blood sacrifices at the Temple was only used for the atonement of unintentional sin.  Blood did not atone for intentional sin.

Did Jesus bear witness of himself?

No

If I bear witness of myself, my witness is not true. John 5:31

Yes

Though I bear record of myself, yet my record is true. John 8:14

I am one that bear witness of myself. John 8:18

Was Jesus silent during his trial before Pilate?

He was silent.

He answered nothing, not a single word.

And when he was accused of the chief priests and elders, he answered nothing. Then said Pilate unto him, Hearest thou not how many things they witness against thee? And he answered him to never a word; insomuch that the governor marveled greatly. Matthew 27:12-14

The chief priests accused him of many things: but he answered nothing. And Pilate asked him again, saying, Answerest thou nothing? behold how many things they witness against thee. But Jesus yet answered nothing; so that Pilate marvelled. Mark 15:3-5

He spoke many words on his own behalf.

Then Pilate entered into the judgment hall again, and called Jesus, and said unto him, Art thou the King of the Jews?

Jesus answered him, Sayest thou this thing of thyself, or did others tell it thee of me?

Pilate answered, Am I a Jew? Thine own nation and the chief priests have delivered thee unto me: what hast thou done?

Jesus answered, My kingdom is not of this world: if my kingdom were of this world, then would my servants fight, that I should not be delivered to the Jews: but now is my kingdom not from hence.

Pilate therefore said unto him, Art thou a king then?

Jesus answered, Thou sayest that I am a king. To this end was I born, and for this cause came I into the world, that I should bear witness unto the truth. Every one that is of the truth heareth my voice. John 18:33-37

How did Jesus respond when questioned by the high priest?

He did not answer directly.

I adjure thee by the living God, that thou tell us whether thou be the Christ, the Son of God. Jesus saith unto him, Thou hast said. Matthew 26:63-64

Then said they all, Art thou then the Son of God? And he said unto them, Ye say that I am. Luke 22:70

He answered directly by saying, "I am."

Again the high priest asked him, and said unto him, Art thou the Christ, the Son of the Blessed? And Jesus said, I am. Mark 14:62

Was Jesus taken to Caiaphas or Annas first?

Caiaphas

And they that had laid hold on Jesus led him away to Caiaphas the high priest, where the scribes and the elders were assembled. Matthew 26:57

And they led Jesus away to the high priest: and with him were assembled all the chief priests and the elders and the scribes. Mark 14:53

Then took they him, and led him, and brought him into the high priest's house. Luke 22:54

Annas

And led him away to Annas first; for he was father in law to Caiaphas, which was the high priest that same year. John 18:13

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Virgin Birth

Annunciation

virgin

Mary was going to have "God's" Child

God an Adulterer???

virgin

1  THE “WORD OF GOD” IS UNCERTAIN AS TO IF MARY WAS LEGALLY MARRIED TO JOSEPH (SHE HAD AN AFFAIR WITH THE “THE HOLY SPIRIT” AND BECAME IMPREGNATED).

A   No, Not married.   

   It was the betrothal time (engagement period).

27 to a virgin pledged to be married to a man named Joseph, a descendant of David. The virgin’s name was Mary.     Luke 1:27

This was the period after the Erusin ceremony (something of value was given in the presence of witnesses as a binding commitment to be married within a year at the Nisuin ceremony (Ketuba signed and chupa).  They did not cohabitate and the laws of adultery applied.

20 But after he had considered this, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream and said, “Joseph son of David, do not be afraid to take Mary home as your wife, because what is conceived in her is from the Holy Spirit.

      Matt. 1:20

B   Yes, She was married.

Because Joseph her husband was a righteous man and did not want to expose her to public disgrace, he had in mind to divorce her quietly.     Matthew 1:19

According to Matthew, the “Holy Spirit” committed adultery!!!  

According to Luke, Mary was an unwed mother, and Jesus was a Bas*^*^rd.

2  When was the Annunciation?

Before Conception

Annunciation was before Mary conceived,

26 In the sixth month of Elizabeth’s pregnancy, God sent the angel Gabriel to Nazareth, a town in Galilee, 27 to a virgin pledged to be married to a man named Joseph, a descendant of David. The virgin’s name was Mary. 28 The angel went to her and said, “Greetings, you who are highly favored! The Lord is with you.”

29 Mary was greatly troubled at his words and wondered what kind of greeting this might be. 30 But the angel said to her, “Do not be afraid, Mary; you have found favor with God. 31 You will conceive and give birth to a son, and you are to call him Jesus.

       Luke 1:26-31.

After Conception

She was already pregnant,

18 This is how the birth of Jesus the Messiah came about: His mother Mary was pledged to be married to Joseph, but before they came together, she was found to be pregnant through the Holy Spirit. 19 Because Joseph her husband was faithful to the law, and yet did not want to expose her to public disgrace, he had in mind to divorce her quietly.

20 But after he had considered this, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream and said, “Joseph son of David, do not be afraid to take Mary home as your wife, because what is conceived in her is from the Holy Spirit. 21 She will give birth to a son, and you are to give him the name Jesus, because he will save his people from their sins.”

       Matt 1:18-21.

3  Who was the Annunciation made to?

Mary

Annunciation was made to Mary, 

The virgin’s name was Mary. 28 The angel went to her and said, “Greetings, you who are highly favored! The Lord is with you.”

     Luke 1:28.

Joseph

It was made to Joseph,

20 But after he had considered this, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream and said, “Joseph son of David, do not be afraid to take Mary home as your wife, because what is conceived in her is from the Holy Spirit.

      Matt. 1:20

virgin

Why is the virgin birth ignored by Mark and John? Why does Jesus never refer to it? Nor does Paul. Only Mary could have known the real truth, but nobody claims to have the facts from her. 

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astro-theology

Astro Theology

Astro-Theology

astro-theology

The Judeo-Christian Bible tells a wonderful story.
It is, in fact, often referred to as  “The Greatest Story Ever Told” (ever SOLD!)
And so it is! You are now about to find out why!

In the New Testament of Christian Bible, a provocative and most serious challenge is laid on the whole of Christianity. Since it bears directly on our subject, we will quote it:

“…if Christ be not risen, then our preaching is in vain, and your faith is also in vain. Yea, and we are found false witnesses of God. And if Christ be not raised, your faith is vain; ye are yet in your sins.” (I Cor 15:14, 15, & 17)

In the New Testament there is a warning given to all who would build a house. Namely, before you lay the foundation, find out what the foundation itself will rest on – solid rock, or sand? The reason is obvious … or said another way; “You need to stand under the foundation to get a true under-standing!

THE FOUNDATIONS

Let’s closely examine the original, conceptual foundations of the faith, and then decide “…if Christ be not risen. ” But in order to do that, we must go back, not 2.000 years to the birth of Christ, but 8 to 10,000 years to the birth of modern man. For when one seeks to establish foundations, one must begin at the beginning.

Many thousands of years ago in what we refer to as the the “primordial world” of the ancients, human life was a far different experience to that which we enjoy today. While it is true that we have less documentation on that prehistoric world than we have on our own age, ample enough is known from the ancient writings to paint a rather clear picture of our primitive ancestry. If we have learned anything at all, it is this: The more we change, the more we stay the same. And nowhere is this more clearly demonstrated than in the history of man’s quest for “God”, and the ancient religion we still keep holy today.

According to the best understanding we have gleaned from the available records, life for our ancient forefathers was a mixture of wonder and fear. Each day, just finding food for one’s family without becoming a meal yourself for the roaming predatory animals, was a life and death struggle. (If you have ever ventured out on a cold night with insufficient clothing, and without friend or family near, you could quickly see how fearful the dark, cold primordial nights could be) And then came winter!

It was from these meager, distressful conditions of the human race that our long history of the search for God and meaning has come. Any evolution, at it’s most accelerated rate, is always agonisingly slow. But from the beginning, man’s’ profound questions demanded answers. When no clear answers were forthcoming from the universe, man turned inward, and developed his own. Keep in mind that all the theological teachings of the Western World were developed in the Northern Hemisphere. The study of this subject is properly called
           – “Astro-Theology” or, “The Worship of the Heavens”.

ASTRO-THEOLOGY------

This is the first, original, and therefore the oldest, and most respected story on Earth! It did not take ancient man very long to decide that in this world the single greatest enemy to be feared was the darkness of night, and all the unknown dangers that came with it. Simply stated, man’s first enemy was darkness.

Understanding this one fact alone, people can readily see why the greatest and most trustworthy friend the human race could ever have was by far, heaven’s greatest gift to the world … that Glorious Rising Orb of Day: …

     the SUN

With this simple truth understood, we can now begin to unravel an ancient and wonderful story.  Today, as in all mankinds’ history, it has once again been told anew.

Modern-day Christianity has often belittled our ancient ancestors who are not here to defend themselves.   They falsely accuse that they were nothing more than ignorant worshippers of the sun. Therefore we can, with assurance, summarily dismiss thousands of years of human spirituality as ignominious myth, believed by well-meaning, but gullible primitives. Too much of this kind of spiritual arrogance and religious pride has continued without challenge. The time has come to set matters straight.

THE CHALLENGE------

First. no people of the ancient world believed the “Sun” to be “God”. That belongs in the “disinformation file”.

In point of fact, every Ancient culture and nation on Earth have all used the Sun as the most logically appropriate symbol to represent the Glory of the unseen Creator of the heavens. Here it is important to remember two points.

First, with the exception of Japan, the ancient world mythologies always understood the Sun to be masculine in qualities, and the moon feminine. Second, the English language is derived from the German. In the Germanic, the word ‘Sun‘ is spelled ‘Sonne’. The two words can (and have been) used interchangeably.

Old Testament:

“The heavens are declaring the Glory of God.” (PS.19: 1)

New Testament:

“Jesus is the Glory of God.” (2 Cor 4:6)

Old Testament:

“The SUN of Righteousness will arise with healings in His wings.” (Mal 4:2)

New Testament:

“God’s Son/Sun…he is risen!” (Matt 4:16)

Saying. “How, often I wanted to gather you under my wing. ”

The Statue of Liberty…to this day, kings still wear a round “crown of thorns,” symbolising the rays of the Sun!

The “Ancient Story” went something like this….

1. The ancient peoples reasoned that no one on Earth could ever lay claim of ownership to the Great Orb of Day. It must belong to the unseen Creator of the Universe. It was, figuratively speaking, not man’s, but “GOD’S SUN”. Truly, “God’s Sun/Son was…

THE LIGHT OF THE WORLD.

2. As stated before, in the dark cold of night man realzed his utter vulnerability to the elements. Each night, mankind was forced to wait for the ” Risen Sun” to chase away the physical and mental insecurity brought on by the darkness. Therefore, the morning Sun focused man’s attention on heavenly dependents for his frail, short existence on Earth, and in doing so, it became the appropriate symbol of divine benevolence from heaven.

3. So just as small fire brought limited light into man’s own little world of darkness, likewise the “Great Fire of Day” served the whole Earth with its heavenly presence.  For this reason, it was said at Deut 4:24, and Heb 12:29 that the God of the Bible was a “Consuming Fire” in heaven. And so He is!

4. It was accepted by all that man was bound to a life on Earth, but the sky was God the Father’s abode – His dwelling place. Naturally, God’s Son/Sun would also reside with his Father ” up in HEAVEN”.

5. Ancient man saw in his male offspring his own image and likeness, and his own existence as a father was proved by the person of his son. It was assumed that God’s ‘Sun was but a visible representative of the unseen Creator in heaven. So it was said, “When you have seen the Sun, you have seen the Father “. or “The Father is glorified in his Sun”.

6. Ancient man had no problem understanding that all life on Earth depended directly on life-giving energy from the Sun. Consequently, all life was lost without the Sun. It followed that God’s ‘Sun’ was nothing less than “Our very Saviour”.  If you don’t think so, wait ’till it don’t come up!

7. Since life is energy, and energy from the Sun gave life, and we sustained our very existence by taking energy in from our food (which came directly from God’s Sun), the Sun must give up its life supporting energy so that we may continue to live.

“God’s Sun gives his life for us to live.”

8. While it was plainly true that our life came from and was sustained each day by “Our Savior… God’s Sun”, it was and would be true only as long as the Sun would return each morning. Our hope of salvation would be secure only in a “RISEN savior”. For if he did not rise from his grave of darkness, all would be lost. All the world waited patiently for His ‘imminent return”. The Divine Father would never leave us at the mercy of this world of darkness. His Heavenly promise concerning his Sun was surely that…”He would come again“…to light our path, and save those lost in the darkness … and He still does…every morning about 5:30 am.

9. Logically, even if man himself died, as long as the Sun comes up each day, life on Earth will continue forever. Therefore, it was said in the ancient texts that everlasting life was “the gift” that the Father gives through his Sun. For…”God so loved the world that he gave his only begotten SUN that we may have life everlasting”….on Earth!  Not for you personally – but ON EARTH… everlasting life!

10. Since evil and harm lurked at every turn in the fearful dark of night, all evil or harmful deeds were naturally, the…”works of darkness.

11. With the return of the Sun each morning, man felt more secure in his world and therefore, was at peace. Therefore, God’s ‘Sun’ was with his warm rays of life and hope…The Great “Prince of Peace“.

12. And of course the reverse was equally true. The dark evil of night was ruled by none other than…”Prince of Darkness“… The EVIL / DEVIL.

13. Our English words ‘Good’ and ‘God’ we get from the German word ‘Goth’ as in ‘Gothic’. Now we see God is Good, and Devil is Evil

14. It was only a short step to see “The Light of God’s Sun” equated with the light of truth – and evil equated with darkness. From then on, it was simple to understand…

      “LIGHT was GOOD – DARK was BAD.”

15. That being true, then the Great Orb of Day (God’s Sun) could rightly say of itself,

“I AM THE LIGHT OF THE WORLD, and no man comes to the Father except through me”, or one comes to God Only by the Light of Truth.

16. We should all “give thanks” to the Father for sending us His “Sun”. For the peace and tranquility he brings to our life is even called ‘Solace’ – from “Solar” = Sun.

17. We now have before us two (2) cosmic brothers – one very good, and one very evil. One brings the “truth to light” with the “light of truth”. The other is the opposite, or in opposition to the light – “The Opposer”…      Prince of this World of Darkness–     The “Devil”.

18. It is at this point that we come to Egypt. More than 3,000 years before Christianity began, the early morning “Sun/ Savior” was pictured in Egypt as the “New Born Babe”. The infant savior’s name was “HORUS”.

19. The early morning Sun or “New Born Babe”, was pictured in two ways.
A) The Dove – Bringer of Peace
B) The Hawk – God of War
(who punishes the enemies of God!).

20. At daybreak. this wonderful, newborn child, God’s ‘Sun’, is … ‘Born Again’ Horus is Risen. Even today, when the Sun comes up, we see it on the “Horus-Risen”, or “Horizon”. His life was also divided into 12 parts or steps across Heaven each day: 12 HORUS = 12 HOURS. This is the origin of the modern ” 12 Step Program”. Horus is the (new-born) Sun, or the Bringer of the Light. In Latin, Light Bringer is Lucis, or Lucifer, or Luke.

21. But now, what about the evil brother of God’s Sun, that old rascally “Prince of Darkness” himself? In the Egyptian, he was called “SET”. We are told in the Bible that when God’s Sun died, He left the world in the hands of the Evil Prince of Darkness. This evil prince took over the world at “SON-SET“.

22. It was generally observed that ‘God’s Sun’ could be depended upon to return in the same manner that he left, namely, “On a Cloud“”..and that “Every eye will see Him“” … Every evening, go out and watch the Sun leave this world “on a cloud”. And next morning, watch to see Him return on a cloud. And every eye will see him come again! … Unless you’re blind!

23. Keep in mind ‘God’s Sun’ symbolically represented the light of truth, but was condemned by His enemies who could not endure the light of truth in their life. The ancients taught that the very act of opposing or denying the light of truth to the point of killing it, happened in one’s own mind! When we are confronted with the harsh realities of life, the light of truth, which we do not wish to face, and which runs counter to our views, such truth is judged in your mind, or judged “in the temple area” of your brain, and put to death in your head !Therefore, ‘God’s Sun – The Truth and The Light – is put to death at “GOLGOTHA” , or “PLACE OF THE SKULL “, located somewhere between your ears! This putting to death of the light of truth in your mind is always accompanied by two thieves: Regret for the past and Fear of the future.

24. And of course God’s ‘Sun’ goes to His death wearing a “corona” – Latin for “Crown of Thorns” . Remember the Statue of Liberty? To this day, Kings still wear a round crown of thorns, symbolizing the rays of the Sun!

25. God’s ‘Sun’ brought His wonderful light to the world, and distributed it over 12 months. So it was said, God’s ‘Sun’ had 12 companions, or helpers, that assisted His life-saving work. So it was, God’s ‘Sun’ had 12 apostles (or months) that followed Him religiously through His life. Incidentally, now you know why the American jury system has 12 jurors who help bring the truth to light, with the “Light of Truth”.

26. As far back as we can go into the ancient world, we find that all known cultures had a “Three-in-one” Triune God. The very first trinity was simply the three stages of the life of the Sun.

   A) New Born Savior at dawn.

   B) Mature, full-grown (The Most High) at 12 (High) noon.

   C) Old and dying, at the end of day (going back to The Father).

All three were of course One Divinity – The Sun   three different phases, but one God!

The Trinity is truly a mystery…Like electricity, radio, TV, and jumbo-jets are all a mystery to the un-enlightened mind!

27. The Egyptians knew that the Sun was at its highest point in the sky (at high noon). At that point, one offered prayers to the “Most High” God! To the ancients, the sky was the abode, or heavenly temple, of the “Most High”. Therefore, God’s ‘Sun’ was doing His heavenly Father’s work of enlightening all in the temple at 12 …not 12 years old, but 12 noon!

28. The world of ancient man kept track of times and seasons by the movement of the Sun daily, monthly, and yearly. For this, the sundial and sun calendars were devised. Not only the daily movement of the Sun was tracked on the round dial, but also the whole year was charted on a round Sun calendar dial. Examples: Ancient Mexican, Mayan, Inca, Aztec, Sumerian, Babylonian, Assyrian, Egyptian, Celtic, Aryan, etc. With this method, certain new concepts emerged in the mind of ancient man.

29. Since the Earth experienced 4 different seasons, all the same and equal (in time) each year, the round Sun calendar was divided into 4 equal parts. This is also why we have, in the Bible, only 4 Gospels. Of this point, there can be no doubt. The 4 Gospels represent the four 4 seasons which collectively tell the entire story of the life of God’s ‘Sun’. Matthew, Mark, Luke, John are Spring, Summer, Autumn and Winter. This is why the famous painting of “The Last Supper” pictures the 12 followers of the Sun in four groups (of three) … the seasons!

30. On the round surface of the yearly calendar, you can draw a straight line directly across the middle, cutting the circle in half… one end being the point of the winter solstice; the other end being the point of the summer solstice. Then you can draw another straight line (crossing the first one); one end of the new line being the spring equinox; the other end being the autumn equinox. You now have the starting points for each of the 4 seasons. This is referred to by all major encyclopedias and reference works, both ancient and modern, as “The Cross of the Zodiac”. Thus, the life of God’s ‘Sun’ is on “the Cross”. This is why we see the round circle of the Sun on the crosses of Christian churches. The next time you pass a Christian church, look for the circle (God’s Sun) on the cross.

The Sun, since the first day of summer, has each day been moving southward, and stops when it reaches its lowest point in the Northern Hemispheric sky (December 22nd – our winter solstice).

At this lowest point, the Sun stops its journey southward.  For three days, December 22nd, 23rd , and 24th, the Sun rises on the exact same latitudinal (declination) degree.

This is the only time in the year that the Sun actually stops its movement Northward or Southward in our sky. On the morning of December 25th the Sun moves one degree northward beginning its annual journey back to us in the Northern Hemisphere, ultimately bringing our spring. Anything steadily moving all year long that suddenly stops moving for three days was considered to have died. Therefore, God’s Sun who was dead for three days, moves one-degree Northward on December 25th beginning its annual journey back to the Northern Hemisphere. The Sun is symbolically ….BORN AGAIN.

And to this day, His worshippers still celebrate His BIRTHDAY!…. Merry Christmas.

 

31. Today we use expressions when someone dies. We say things like, “They Passed“, or “They Passed On”, or “They Passed Away”. The ancients said “They Passed Over” (from one life to another), And so it was with the coming of spring, as God’s Sun is “Resurrected” from the Death of Winter to His New Life (in spring).

In the ancient world, long before the Hebrews ever existed, the celebration of spring was called “The Pass Over.” The Sun, which was dead in winter, has passed over to His new life in spring. This is the origin of the modern Pass Over celebration.

This is why Christians also celebrate “The Resurrection”, or His return, in spring with a “Sun Rise service”… He kept His Promise, and has returned to us with the Promise of New Life… “HAPPY EASTER-PASSOVER!”

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Judas

Judas Story

Judas Story

Judas

The Betrayer

Judas “the betrayer” is mentioned over 30 times in the Christian New Testament. The similarity of the names of "Judas" and "Jews" makes the intention of the story suspect since the Christians classify Jews as evil people in their New Testament which glorifies Christianity as the replacing religion of Judaism.

The specific name was used to put the responsibility of Jesus's death on the Jews in order to negate any doubts concerning their fable that the Jews would raise since they were living in the area and knew that the events never occurred.   Others would see a Jew betraying one of his own.  It also parallels the kingdom of Judah betraying the northern kingdom of Israel.  This would also make others look unfavorably on Jews who would refuse to believe the fabled Christian religion.

Gospel of Judas

The Gospel of Judas portrays Judas as a most trusted disciple and acted according to the wished of Jesus. If Jesus intentionally died for everyone’s sins according to his plan then there was no unintentional death by the betrayal of Judas.

After being lost for nearly 1,700 years, the "Gospel of Judas" was recently restored, authenticated, and translated. The Coptic, or Egyptian Christian, manuscripts were unveiled at National Geographic Society headquarters in Washington, D.C.

Some biblical scholars are calling the Gospel of Judas the most significant archaeological discovery in 60 years.  The only known surviving copy of the gospel was found in a codex, or ancient book, that dates back to the third or fourth century A.D.

The text goes on to describe Judas as Jesus' closest friend, someone who understands Christ's true message and is singled out for special status among Jesus' disciples.

In the key passage Jesus tells Judas, "'you will exceed all of them. For you will sacrifice the man that clothes me.'"

Kasser, the translation-project leader, offers an interpretation: "Jesus says it is necessary for someone to free him finally from his human body, and he prefers that this liberation be done by a friend rather than by an enemy."

Did Judas do it?

NO,

Judas didn’t do it.  The Devil did it. Satan entered into Judas and corrupted him.

As soon as Judas took the bread, Satan entered into him. So Jesus told him, “What you are about to do, do quickly.”     John 13:27

Then Satan entered Judas, called Iscariot, one of the Twelve.     Luke 22:3

Devil was not involved.

Then Judas Iscariot, one of the Twelve, went to the chief priests to betray Jesus to them.      Mark 14:10

When Judas, who had betrayed him, saw that Jesus was condemned, he was seized with remorse and returned the thirty pieces of silver to the chief priests and the elders. 4 “I have sinned,” he said, “for I have betrayed innocent blood.” “What is that to us?” they replied. “That’s your responsibility.” 5 So Judas threw the money into the temple and left. Then he went away and hanged himself. 6 The chief priests picked up the coins and said, “It is against the law to put this into the treasury, since it is blood money.” 7 So they decided to use the money to buy the potter’s field as a burial place for foreigners.8 That is why it has been called the Field of Blood to this day. 9 Then what was spoken by Jeremiah the prophet was fulfilled: “They took the thirty pieces of silver, the price set on him by the people of Israel, 10 and they used them to buy the potter’s field, as the Lord commanded me.”     Matthew 27:3-10

When did the Devil enter into Judas?

YES, BEFORE the Last Supper.

Then entered Satan into Judas, . . . and he went his way and communed with the chief priests and captains, how he might betray him. . . . Then came the day of unleavened bread when the passover must be killed.      Luke 22:3, 4, 7.

YES, AFTER the Last Supper.

And after the sop Satan entered into him.      John 13:27.

Did Judas identify Jesus with a kiss?

Yes.

Judas, one of the twelve, came, and with him a great multitude with swords and staves, from the chief priests and elders of the people. Now he that betrayed him gave them a sign, saying, Whomsoever I shall kiss, that same is he: hold him fast. And forthwith he came to Jesus, and said, Hail, master; and kissed him.       Matthew 26:47-49

And immediately, while he yet spake, cometh Judas, one of the twelve, and with him a great multitude with swords and staves, from the chief priests and the scribes and the elders. And he that betrayed him had given them a token, saying, Whomsoever I shall kiss, that same is he; take him, and lead him away safely. And as soon as he was come, he goeth straightway to him, and saith, Master, master; and kissed him.       Mark 14:43-45

No Kiss

And while he yet spake, behold a multitude, and he that was called Judas, one of the twelve, went before them, and drew near unto Jesus to kiss him. But Jesus said unto him, Judas, betrayest thou the Son of man with a kiss?       Luke 22:47-48

No, Jesus identified himself.

Judas then, having received a band of men and officers from the chief priests and Pharisees, cometh thither with lanterns and torches and weapons. Jesus therefore, knowing all things that should come upon him, went forth, and said unto them, Whom seek ye? They answered him, Jesus of Nazareth. Jesus saith unto them, I am he.       John 18:3-5

Why did Jesus have to be identified at all since he was so well known and famous through out the land.  The deceptive kiss is merely an erotic  literary device used in plays through out ancient times.

Where did the money come from to bribe Judas?

Judas

He was a corrupt treasurer of the disciples.

 Since Judas had charge of the money, some thought Jesus was telling him to buy what was needed for the festival, or to give something to the poor.     John 13:29

The priests.

Then Judas Iscariot, one of the Twelve, went to the chief priests to betray Jesus to them.     Mark 14:10

When Judas, who had betrayed him, saw that Jesus was condemned, he was seized with remorse and returned the thirty pieces of silver to the chief priests and the elders. 4 “I have sinned,” he said, “for I have betrayed innocent blood.” “What is that to us?” they replied. “That’s your responsibility.” 5 So Judas threw the money into the temple and left. Then he went away and hanged himself. 6 The chief priests picked up the coins and said, “It is against the law to put this into the treasury, since it is blood money.” 7 So they decided to use the money to buy the potter’s field as a burial place for foreigners.8 That is why it has been called the Field of Blood to this day. 9 Then what was spoken by Jeremiah the prophet was fulfilled: “They took the thirty pieces of silver, the price set on him by the people of Israel, 10 and they used them to buy the potter’s field, as the Lord commanded me.”     Matthew 27:3-10

Then Satan entered Judas, called Iscariot, one of the Twelve.     Luke 22:3

Jesus named Judas as a betrayer at the last supper.

NO, he didn’t

While they were reclining at the table eating, he said, “Truly I tell you, one of you will betray me—one who is eating with me.”     Mark 14:18

But the hand of him who is going to betray me is with mine on the table. 22 The Son of Man will go as it has been decreed. But woe to that man who betrays him!”     Luke 22:21-22

YES, he did.

Jesus answered, “It is the one to whom I will give this piece of bread when I have dipped it in the dish.” Then, dipping the piece of bread, he gave it to Judas, the son of Simon Iscariot.      John 13:26

Then Judas, the one who would betray him, said, “Surely you don’t mean me, Rabbi?” Jesus answered, “You have said so.”    Matthew 26:25

How did Judas die?

He hanged himself.

And he cast down the pieces of silver into the temple, and departed, and went out and hanged himself.   Matthew 27:5

His stomach burst open

    according to Luke.

And falling headlong he burst asunder in the midst, and all his bowels gushed out.   Acts 1:18

Did Judas repent for what he had done to Jesus before he killed himself?

NO, he didn’t.

beginning from John’s baptism to the time when Jesus was taken up from us. For one of these must become a witness with us of his resurrection.”     Acts 1:22

YES, he did.

   Judas regretted his betrayal.

So Judas threw the money into the temple and left. Then he went away and hanged himself.     Matthew 27:5

Where did Judas die?

At “Blood Acre” 

   According to Luke;       

18 (With the payment he received for his wickedness, Judas bought a field; there he fell headlong, his body burst open and all his intestines spilled out. 19 Everyone in Jerusalem heard about this, so they called that field in their language Akeldama, that is, Field of Blood.)        Acts 1:15-22

Matthew did not know.

So Judas threw the money into the temple and left. Then he went away and hanged himself.     Matthew 27:5

Who bought the land “Blood Acre”?

Judas himself.

Now, this man purchased a field with the reward of iniquity.   Acts 1:18

Judas returned the money.

3 When Judas, who had betrayed him, saw that Jesus was condemned, he was seized with remorse and returned the thirty pieces of silver to the chief priests and the elders. 4 “I have sinned,” he said, “for I have betrayed innocent blood.”     Matt 27:3-7

The Priests bought it.

And the chief priests took the silver pieces, . . . and bought with them the potter’s field.   Matt. 27:6, 7.

What does the name “Blood Acre” Mean?

Judas’s blood death,

    according to Luke.

Everyone in Jerusalem heard about this, so they called that field in their language Akeldama, that is, Field of Blood.)     Acts 1:19

The blood money used to buy the land.

That is why it has been called the Field of Blood to this day.     Matthew 27:8

30 pieces of silver

Jeremiah’s 30 Pieces of Silver?

NOT … Christians claim the verse in Jeremiah prophesized the 30 pieces of silver.

Again, Christians demand that you to “Just Believe”, and don’t think you will check up on them.

And they consulted together and bought with them the potter’s field to bury strangers in. Therefore that field has been called the Field of Blood to this day. Then was fulfilled what was spoken by Jeremiah the prophet, saying, ‘And they took the thirty pieces of silver, the value of Him and who was priced, whom they and the children of Israel priced. And gave them for the potter’s field, as the Lord directed me.’    Matthew 27:7-10 citing Jeremiah 32:6-9

Jeremiah referred to seven shekels and 10 pieces of silver and not to a potter’s field, but to house plots, fields, and vineyards.

Behold, Hanamel, the son of your uncle Shallum, is coming to you to say, ‘Buy yourself my field that is in Anathoth, for upon you is the law of redemption, to buy it … I weighed out the money for him; seven shekels and ten pieces … For thus said Hashem, Master of Legions, God of Israel,; ‘Houses, fields and vineyards will yet be bought in this land.’    Jeremiah 32:6, 32:9 32:15.

Jeremiah land was a land of hope and restoration NOT a negative portrayal of guilt and death. And NO … that is NO 30 pieces of silver.

Zechariah’s 30 Pieces of Silver

10 Then I took my staff called Favor and broke it, revoking the covenant I had made with all the nations.

11 It was revoked on that day, and so the oppressed of the flock who were watching me knew it was the word of theLord.

12 I told them, “If you think it best, give me my pay; but if not, keep it.” So they paid me thirty pieces of silver.

13 And the Lord said to me, “Throw it to the potter”—the handsome price at which they valued me! So I took the thirty pieces of silver and threw them to the potter at the house of the Lord.

14 Then I broke my second staff called Union, breaking the family bond between Judah and Israel.

Zechariah 11:12-13

This is not Jeremiah as Matthew quoted.  It is Zechariah.  It is the only mention of 30 pieces of silver.  And the context is totally different than that is quoted by Matthew as prophesy.

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My Body

This is my Body

This is My Body...

26 While they were eating, Jesus took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it and gave it to his disciples, saying, “Take and eat; this is my body.”

27 Then he took a cup, and when he had given thanks, he gave it to them, saying, “Drink from it, all of you. 28 This is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins. 29 I tell you, I will not drink from this fruit of the vine from now on until that day when I drink it new with you in my Father’s kingdom.”        Matthew 26:26

22 While they were eating, Jesus took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it and gave it to his disciples, saying, “Take it; this is my body.”

23 Then he took a cup, and when he had given thanks, he gave it to them, and they all drank from it.

24 “This is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many,” he said to them. 

25 “Truly I tell you, I will not drink again from the fruit of the vine until that day when I drink it new in the kingdom of God.”       Mark 14:22  

The Roman Catholics state that the Eucharist is the natural body and blood of Christ Jesus verè et realiter.  Protestants agree with the Catholics and state that it is the body of Christ verè et realiter, then add spiritually by grace and efficacy.  ??? What ???

In the following passage Jesus commanded his believers to do a sacrament in rememberance of him: 

19 And he took bread, gave thanks and broke it, and gave it to them, saying, “This is my body given for you; do this in remembrance of me.”   Luke 22:19

20 In the same way, after the supper he took the cup, saying, “This cup is the new covenant in my blood, which is poured out for you.      Luke 22:20

This ritual of making bread wafer and wine (consecrated by a priest of course) into the actual body of a god has gone on for hundreds and thousands of years before the Jesus appointed birthdate.  In this manner, they ate their god.  And the Egyptians, who practiced this exact "sacrament" to Osirus possibly as long ago as 3150 years before any A.D. date.  The Worship of Osiris begins in Pre-Dynastic Period of Egypt. c. 3150 BCE - c. 30 BCE.  The bread and wine was brought to the temple by the worshipers.

Cicero, the greatest orator of Rome, and one of the most illustrious of Rome's statesmen, born in the year 106 B. C., mentions it in his writings his wonderings at the strangeness of the bread/wine rite.

"How can a man be so stupid," says he, "as to imagine that which he eats to be a God?"

From the beginings of the mysteries among the Pagans, the Eucharistia is one of the oldest rites of antiquity.

The followers of the Grand Lama in Tibet and Tartary offer to their god a sacrament of bread and wine.

The first Christian missionary that went to tibet, P. Andrada La Crozius, wrote about his findings in Tibet;

"Their Grand Lama celebrates a species of sacrifice with bread and wine, in which, after taking a small quantity himself, he distributes the rest among the Lamas present at this ceremony."

In the Indian and the Parsee religions, the devotees drink the juice of the Soma, or Haoma plant.  They consider it a god.  Mr. Baring Gould wrote:

"Among the ancient Hindoos, Soma was a chief deity; he is called 'the Giver of Life and of health,' the 'Protector,' he who is 'the Guide to Immortality.' He became incarnate among men, was taken by them and slain, and brayed in a mortar. But he rose in flame to heaven, to be the 'Benefactor of the World,' and the 'Mediator between God and Man.' Through communion with him in his sacrifice, man, (who partook of this god), has an assurance of immortality, for by that sacrament he obtains union with his divinity."

Pythagoras, the renown Grecian philosopher, was born about the year 570 B. C.  He performed this ceremony of the bread/wine sacrament he brought back from a visit to Egypt.

The "King of Righteousness," Melchizedek, "a priest of the Most High God," brought out BREAD and WINE as a sign or symbol of worship to experience God's presence.

Then Melchizedek king of Salem brought out bread and wine. He was priest of God Most High,    Genesis 14:18

The Rev. Dr. Milner stated;

"It was in offering up a sacrifice of bread and wine, instead of slaughtered animals, that Melchizedek's sacrifice differed from the generality of those in the old law, and that he prefigured the sacrifice which Christ was to institute in the new law from the same elements. No other sense than this can be elicited from the Scripture as to this matter; and accordingly the holy fathers unanimously adhere to this meaning."

This is wishful thinking to justify their pagan beliefs.  This bread and wine sacrament was offered to God and eaten before God by Jethro and the elders of Israel, [Exodus 18:12] and some of the mourning Israelites broke bread and drank "the cup of consolation," in remembrance of the departed, "to comfort them for the dead."   

Persia—the religion of Mithra, the Mediator, the Redeemer and Saviour—that we find the sacrament of the Christians, and from which the Christians evidently borrowed from. Those who were initiated into the mysteries of Mithra, or became members, took the sacrament of bread and wine.

M. Renan, writing of Mithraicism, says:

"It had its mysterious meetings: its chapels, which bore a strong resemblance to little churches. It forged a very lasting bond of brotherhood between its initiates: it had a Eucharist, a Supper so like the Christian Mysteries, that good Justin Martyr, the Apologist, can find only one explanation of the apparent identity, namely, that Satan, in order to deceive the human race, determined to imitate the Christian ceremonies, and so stole them."

St. Justin, writes alluding to the bread wine ceremony:

"The apostles, in the commentaries written by themselves, which we call Gospels, have delivered down to us how that Jesus thus commanded them: He having taken bread, after he had given thanks,  said, Do this in commemoration of me; this is my body. And having taken a cup, and returned thanks, he said: This is my blood, and delivered it to them alone. Which thing indeed the evil spirits have taught to be done out of mimicry in the Mysteries and Initiatory rites of Mithra. "For you either know, or can know, that bread and a cup of water (or wine) are given out, with certain incantations, in the consecration of the person who is being initiated in the Mysteries of Mithra."

The Eucharist of the Lord and Saviour, as the Magi called Mithra, the second person in their Trinity, or their Eucharistic sacrifice, was always made exactly and in every respect the same as that of the orthodox Christians.

The Persian Magi introduced the worship of Mithra into Rome.  These mysteries were solemnized in a cave. In the process of initiation there, candidates were also administered the sacrament of bread and wine, and were marked on the forehead with the sign of the cross. 

The ancient Greeks also had their "Mysteries," wherein they celebrated the sacrament of the Lord's Supper. The Rev. Robert Taylor, speaking of this, says:

"The Eleusinian Mysteries, or, Sacrament of the Lord's Supper, was the most august of all the Pagan ceremonies celebrated, more especially by the Athenians, every fifth year,  in honor of Ceres, the goddess of corn, who, in allegorical language, had given us her flesh to eat; as Bacchus, the god of wine, in like sense, had given us his blood to drink. . . . "From these ceremonies is derived the very name attached to our Christian sacrament of the Lord's Supper,—'those holy Mysteries;'—and not one or two, but absolutely all and every one of the observances used in our Christian solemnity. Very many of our forms of expression in that solemnity are precisely the same as those that appertained to the Pagan rite."

Prodicus (a Greek sophist of the 5th century B. C.) says that, the ancients worshiped bread as Demeter (Ceres) and wine as Dionysos (Bacchus);  therefore, when they ate the bread, and drank the wine, after it had been consecrated, they were doing as the Romanists claim to do at the present day, i. e., eating the flesh and drinking the blood of their god.  Mosheim, the celebrated ecclesiastical historian, acknowledges that:

"The profound respect that was paid to the Greek and Roman Mysteries, and the extraordinary sanctity that was attributed to them, induced the Christians of the second century, to give their religion a mystic air, in order to put it upon an equal footing in point of dignity, with that of the Pagans. For this purpose they gave the name of Mysteries to the institutions of the Gospels, and decorated particularly the 'Holy Sacrament' with that title; they used the very terms employed in the Heathen Mysteries, and adopted some of the rites and ceremonies of which those renowned mysteries consisted. This imitation began in the eastern provinces; but, after the time of Adrian, who first introduced the mysteries among the Latins, it was followed by the Christians who dwelt in the western part of the empire. A great part, therefore, of the service of the Church in this—the second—century, had a certain air of the Heathen Mysteries, and resembled them considerably in many particulars." 

These mysteries were, as we have said, also celebrated in honor of Bacchus as well as Ceres. A consecrated cup of wine was handed around after supper, called the "Cup of the Agathodaemon"—the Good Divinity.  Throughout the whole ceremony, the name of the Lord was many times repeated, and his brightness or glory not only exhibited to the eye by the rays which surrounded his name (or his monogram, I. H. S.), but was made the peculiar theme or subject of their triumphant exultation.  

The mystical wine and bread were used during the Mysteries of Adonis, the Lord and Saviour.  In fact, the communion of bread and wine was used in the worship of nearly every important deity. 

The rites of Bacchus were celebrated in the British Islands in heathen times,  and so were those of Mithra, which were spread over Gaul and Great Britain.  We therefore find that the ancient Druids offered the sacrament of bread and wine, during which ceremony they were dressed in white robes,  just as the Egyptian priests of Isis were in the habit of dressing, and as the priests of many Christian sects dress at the present day.

Among some negro tribes in Africa there is a belief that "on eating and drinking consecrated food they eat and drink the god himself." 

The ancient Mexicans celebrated the mysterious sacrament of the Eucharist, called the "most holy supper," during which they ate the flesh of their god. The bread used at their Eucharist was made of corn meal, which they mixed with blood, instead of wine. This was consecrated by the priest, and given to the people, who ate it with humility and penitence, as the flesh of their god.  Lord Kingsborough, in his "Mexican Antiquities," speaks of the ancient Mexicans as performing this sacrament; when they made a cake, which they called Tzoalia. The high priest blessed it in his manner, after which he broke it into pieces, and put it into certain very clean vessels. He then took a thorn of maguery, which resembles a thick needle, with which he took up with the utmost reverence single morsels, which he put into the mouth of each individual, after the manner of a communion.  The writer of the "Explanation of Plates of the Codex Vaticanus,"—which are copies of Mexican hieroglyphics—says:

"I am disposed to believe that these poor people have had the knowledge of our mode of communion, or of the annunciation of the gospel; or perhaps the devil, most envious of the honor of God, may have led them into this superstition, in order that by this ceremony he might be adored and served as Christ our Lord."  The Rev. Father Acosta says: "That which is most admirable in the hatred and presumption of Satan is, that he hath not only counterfeited in idolatry and sacrifice, but also in certain ceremonies, our Sacraments, which Jesus Christ our Lord hath instituted and the holy Church doth use, having especially pretended to imitate in some sort the Sacrament of the Communion, which is the most high and divine of all others." 

He then relates how the Mexicans and Peruvians, in certain ceremonies, ate the flesh of their god, and called certain morsels of paste, "the flesh and bones of Vitzilipuzlti."

"After putting themselves in order about these morsels and pieces of paste, they used certain ceremonies with singing, by means whereof they (the pieces of paste) were blessed and consecrated for the flesh and bones of this idol."

These facts show that the Eucharist is another piece of Paganism adopted by the Christians. The story of Jesus and his disciples being at supper, where the Master did break bread, may be true, but the statement that he said, "Do this in remembrance of me,"—"this is my body," and "this is my blood," was undoubtedly invented to give authority to the mystic ceremony, which had been borrowed from Paganism.

Why should they do this in remembrance of Jesus? Provided he took this supper with his disciples—which the John narrator denies [According to the "John" narrator, Jesus ate no Paschal meal, but was captured the evening before Passover]—he did not do anything on that occasion new or unusual among Jews. To pronounce the benediction, break the bread, and distribute pieces thereof to the persons at table, was, and is now, a common usage of the Hebrews. Jesus could not have commanded born Jews to do in remembrance of him what they already practiced, and what every religious Jew does to this day. The whole story is evidently a myth, as a perusal of it with the eye of a critic clearly demonstrates.

The Mark narrator informs us that Jesus sent two of his disciples to the city, and told them this:

13 So he sent two of his disciples, telling them, “Go into the city, and a man carrying a jar of water will meet you. Follow him. 14 Say to the owner of the house he enters, ‘The Teacher asks: Where is my guest room, where I may eat the Passover with my disciples?’ 15 He will show you a large room upstairs, furnished and ready. Make preparations for us there.”

16 The disciples left, went into the city and found things just as Jesus had told them. So they prepared the Passover.          Mark 14:13-16

It is interesting to note that a man in Jerusalem should have had an unoccupied and properly furnished room just at that time, when two millions of pilgrims sojourned in and around the city. The man, it appears, was not distinguished either for wealth or piety, for his name is not mentioned; he was not present at the supper, and no further reference is made to him. It appears rather that the Mark narrator imagined an ordinary man who had a furnished room to let for such purposes, and would imply that Jesus knew it prophetically. 

The Matthew narrator's account is free from these embellishments, and simply runs thus: Jesus said to some of his disciples—the number is not given —

18 He replied, “Go into the city to a certain man and tell him, ‘The Teacher says: My appointed time is near. I am going to celebrate the Passover with my disciples at your house.’” 19 So the disciples did as Jesus had directed them and prepared the Passover.        Matthew 26:18-19

As early as the second century, however, the seeds were planted, when we find Ignatius, Justin Martyr, and Irenæus advancing the opinion, that the mere bread and wine became, in the Eucharist, something higher— something heavenly —without, however, ceasing to be bread and wine.  After the third century the task of presenting the bread and wine came to be confined to the ministers or priests.  As in Christ Jesus two distinct natures, the divine and the human, were wonderfully combined, so in the Eucharist there was a corresponding union of the earthly and the heavenly.

Transubstantiation is the invisible change of the bread and wine into the body and blood of Christ.  The credulity of the age, with its love for the wonderful and magical, the interest of the priesthood to add lustre, in accordance with the heathens, to a rite which enhanced their own priestly office, resulted in the doctrine of Transubstantiation being declared an article of faith of the Christian Church.  Luther maintained a corporeal, and Calvin a real presence of Christ in the Eucharist; and the opinion of Zuinglius, that it is no more than a spiritual communion, a simple memorial, has slowly prevailed in the reformed churches. 

At the present day, the Greek and Roman Catholics alone hold to the original doctrine of the real presence.  Of all the religious observances among heathens, Jews, or Turks, none has been the cause of more hatred, persecution, outrage, and bloodshed, than the Eucharist. Christians persecuted one another like relentless foes, and thousands of Jews were slaughtered on account of the Eucharist and the Host.